Basra pearls, also known as mukta stone, renowned for their exceptional luster and rarity, are natural pearls historically sourced from the Persian Gulf, particularly near Basra region in Iraq. Formed within the Pinctada radiata oyster, these pearls are composed of calcium carbonate (aragonite) in nacre layers, giving them a unique iridescence. Their Mohs hardness is 2.5-4.5, making them softer than gemstones, requiring careful handling. Colors range from creamy white to pinkish or silvery hues, with sizes typically between 3-10 mm, though larger pearls are exceptionally rare.
Valued for centuries in jewelry and trade, Basra pearls are prized for their natural origin, as they are not cultured, unlike modern pearls. Their luster results from tightly aligned nacre platelets, reflecting light with a mirror-like sheen. The pearls’ quality is assessed by factors like shape (round or baroque), surface clarity, and orient (iridescent glow). Inclusions or blemishes are common in natural pearls, adding to their authenticity. Due to overfishing and environmental changes, authentic Basra pearls are scarce, commanding high prices. Care involves avoiding chemicals, perfumes, and ultrasonic cleaners to preserve nacre. Buyers should seek certification from gemological labs to verify authenticity, as imitations and cultured pearls are prevalent. Ethical sourcing ensures these treasures remain a symbol of timeless elegance.
Basra pearls, historically renowned as some of the finest natural pearls in the world, originate from the Persian Gulf—particularly around the Basra region in southern Iraq. Prized for their exceptional luster, smooth surface, and rich overtones, genuine Basra pearls are extremely rare and highly valuable due to the decline of natural pearl diving in the 20th century.
The original and top-quality basra pearl price can range from several hundred to thousands of dollars per pearl, depending on size, shape, color, and luster, with matched strands often reaching tens of thousands or more. Due to their scarcity, many Basra pearls in the market today are either imitations or cultured pearls falsely labeled. Authenticity and certification are essential, as true Basra pearls are now considered collector’s items and heirloom treasures.